When choosing a monitor, many users are faced with the question: which is better PLS or IPS.
These two technologies have existed for quite a long time and both show themselves quite well.
If you look at various articles on the Internet, they either write that everyone must decide for themselves what is better, or they do not give an answer to the question posed at all.
Actually, these articles make no sense at all. After all, they do not help users in any way.
Therefore, we will analyze in which cases it is better to choose PLS or IPS and give advice that will help you make the right choice. Let's start with the theory.
What is IPS
It’s worth saying right away that at the moment It is the two options under consideration that are leaders in the technology market.
And not every specialist will be able to say which technology is better and what advantages each of them has.
So, the word IPS itself stands for In-Plane-Switching (literally “in-site switching”).
This abbreviation also stands for Super Fine TFT (“super thin TFT”). TFT, in turn, stands for Thin Film Transistor.
To put it simply, TFT is a technology for displaying images on a computer, which is based on an active matrix.
Quite difficult.
Nothing. Let's figure it out now!
So, in TFT technology, the molecules of liquid crystals are controlled using thin-film transistors, this means “active matrix”.
IPS is exactly the same, only the electrodes in monitors with this technology are on the same plane with liquid crystal molecules, which are parallel to the plane.
All this can be clearly seen in Figure 1. There, in fact, displays with both technologies are shown.
First there is a vertical filter, then transparent electrodes, after them liquid crystal molecules (blue sticks, they interest us most), then a horizontal filter, a color filter and the screen itself.
Rice. No. 1. TFT and IPS screens
The only difference between these technologies is that the LC molecules in TFT are not located in parallel, but in IPS they are in parallel.
Thanks to this, they can quickly change the viewing angle (specifically, here it is 178 degrees) and give a better picture (in IPS).
And also due to this solution, the brightness and contrast of the image on the screen has significantly increased.
Is it clear now?
If not, write your questions in the comments. We will definitely answer them.
IPS technology was created in 1996. Among its advantages, it is worth noting the absence of the so-called “excitement,” that is, an incorrect reaction to touch.
It also has excellent color rendition. Quite a lot of companies produce monitors using this technology, including NEC, Dell, Chimei and even.
What is PLS
For a very long time, the manufacturer did not say anything at all about its brainchild, and many experts put forward various assumptions regarding the characteristics of PLS.
Actually, even now this technology is shrouded in a lot of secrets. But we will still find the truth!
PLS was released in 2010 as an alternative to the aforementioned IPS.
This abbreviation stands for Plane To Line Switching (that is, “switching between lines”).
Let us remember that IPS is In-Plane-Switching, that is, “switching between lines.” This refers to switching in a plane.
And above we said that in this technology, liquid crystal molecules quickly become flat and due to this, a better viewing angle and other characteristics are achieved.
So, in PLS everything happens exactly the same, but faster. Figure 2 shows all this clearly.
Rice. No. 2. PLS and IPS work
In this figure, at the top there is the screen itself, then the crystals, that is, the same liquid crystal molecules that were indicated by blue sticks in figure No. 1.
The electrode is shown below. In both cases, their location is shown on the left in the off state (when the crystals do not move), and on the right - when they are on.
The principle of operation is the same - when the crystals begin to work, they begin to move, while initially they are located parallel to each other.
But, as we see in Figure No. 2, these crystals quickly acquire the desired shape - the one that is necessary for the maximum.
Over a certain period of time, the molecules in the IPS monitor do not become perpendicular, but in the PLS they do.
That is, in both technologies everything is the same, but in PLS everything happens faster.
Hence the intermediate conclusion - PLS works faster and, in theory, this particular technology could be considered the best in our comparison.
But it is too early to draw final conclusions.
This is interesting: Samsung filed a lawsuit against LG several years ago. It claimed that the AH-IPS technology used by LG is a modification of PLS technology. From this we can conclude that PLS is a type of IPS, and the developer himself admitted this. Actually, this was confirmed and we are a little higher.
Which is better PLS or IPS? How to choose good screen- management
What if I don't understand anything?
In this case, the video at the end of this article will help you. It clearly shows a cross-section of TFT and IPS monitors.
You will be able to see how it all works and understand that in PLS everything happens exactly the same, but faster than in IPS.
Now we can move on to further comparison of technologies.
Expert opinions
On some sites you can find information about an independent study of PLS and IPS.
Experts compared these technologies under a microscope. It is written that in the end they did not find any differences.
Other experts write that it is still better to buy PLS, but do not really explain why.
Among all the statements of experts, there are several main points that can be observed in almost all opinions.
These points are as follows:
- Monitors with PLS matrices are the most expensive on the market. The cheapest option is TN, but such monitors are inferior in all respects to both IPS and PLS. So, most experts agree that this is very justified, because the picture is better displayed on PLS;
- Monitors with a PLS matrix are best suited for performing all kinds of design and engineering tasks. This technique will also cope perfectly with the work of professional photographers. Again, from this we can conclude that PLS does a better job of rendering colors and providing sufficient image clarity;
- According to experts, PLS monitors are virtually free from problems such as glare and flicker. They came to this conclusion during testing;
- Ophthalmologists say that PLS will be much better perceived by the eyes. Moreover, your eyes will find it much easier to look at PLS all day than IPS.
In general, from all this we again draw the same conclusion that we already made earlier. PLS is a little better than IPS. And this opinion is confirmed by most experts.
Which is better PLS or IPS? How to choose a good screen - guide
Which is better PLS or IPS? How to choose a good screen - guide
Our comparison
Now let’s move on to the final comparison, which will answer the question posed at the very beginning.
The same experts identify a number of characteristics by which different ones need to be compared.
We are talking about indicators such as light sensitivity, response speed (meaning the transition from gray to gray), quality (pixel density without losing other characteristics) and saturation.
We will use them to evaluate the two technologies.
Table 1. Comparison of IPS and PLS according to some characteristics
Other characteristics, including richness and quality, are subjective and vary from person to person.
But from the above indicators it is clear that PLS has slightly higher characteristics.
Thus, we again confirm the conclusion that this technology performs better than IPS.
Rice. No. 3. The first comparison of monitors with IPS and PLS matrices.
There is a single “popular” criterion that allows you to accurately determine which is better – PLS or IPS.
This criterion is called “by eye”. In practice, this means that you just need to take and look at two adjacent monitors and visually determine where the picture is better.
Therefore, we will present several similar images, and everyone will be able to see for themselves where the image visually looks better.
Rice. No. 4. Second comparison of monitors with IPS and PLS matrices.
Rice. No. 5. The third comparison of monitors with IPS and PLS matrices.
Rice. No. 6. The fourth comparison of monitors with IPS and PLS matrices.
Rice. No. 7. Fifth comparison of monitors with IPS (left) and PLS (right) matrices.
It is visually clear that on all PLS samples the picture looks much better, more saturated, brighter, and so on.
We mentioned above that TN is the most inexpensive technology today and monitors using it, accordingly, also cost less than others.
After them in price come IPS, and then PLS. But, as we see, all this is not at all surprising, because the picture really looks much better.
Other characteristics in this case are also higher. Many experts advise buying with PLS matrices and Full HD resolution.
Then the image will really look just great!
It is impossible to say for sure whether this combination is the best on the market today, but it is definitely one of the best.
By the way, for comparison you can see what IPS and TN look like from an acute viewing angle.
Rice. No. 8. Comparison of monitors with IPS (left) and TN (right) matrices.
It is worth saying that Samsung created two technologies at once that are used in monitors and in / and were able to significantly outperform IPS.
We are talking about Super AMOLED screens that are on mobile devices oh this company.
Interestingly, Super AMOLED resolution is usually lower than IPS, but the picture is more saturated and bright.
But in the case of PLS above, almost everything that can be, including resolution.
The general conclusion can be drawn that PLS is better than IPS.
Among other things, PLS has the following advantages:
- the ability to convey a very wide range of shades (in addition to primary colors);
- ability to support the entire sRGB range;
- lower energy consumption;
- viewing angles allow several people to see the picture comfortably at once;
- all kinds of distortions are absolutely excluded.
In general, IPS monitors are perfect for solving common household tasks, for example, watching movies and working in office programs.
But if you want to see a really rich and high-quality image, buy equipment with PLS.
This is especially true when you need to work with design/design programs.
Of course, their price will be higher, but it’s worth it!
Which is better PLS or IPS? How to choose a good screen - guide
What is amoled, super amoled, Lcd, Tft, Tft ips? Don't know? Look!
Despite a certain stagnation, the monitor market is gradually undergoing changes. Models with Ultra HD resolution, also known as 4K, are becoming a serious trend.
“Ultra-clear” monitors are especially popular among users working with graphics and video editing. But those users who love space on their desktop are also looking at ultra-high-resolution displays. MacDigger offers you to get acquainted with the three best 4K monitors that are suitable for working with Mac.
Dell P2715Q
The Dell P2715Q monitor panel diagonal is 27 inches and the resolution is 3840 × 2160 pixels. The company used an IPS matrix that provides horizontal and vertical viewing angles of up to 178 degrees.
The model has a brightness of 350 cd/m2 and a response time of 9 ms. The standard and dynamic contrast values are 1000:1 and 2,000,000:1.
The manufacturer positions the model as a tool for professionals: the monitor covers 99% of the sRGB space, and the declared value is Delta E3.
The stand allows you to adjust the angle of tilt and rotation of the display, as well as its height in relation to the tabletop. In addition, if necessary, you can change the screen orientation from landscape to portrait.
The panels are equipped with Mini DisplayPort and HDMI (MHL) digital interfaces and allow the use of a built-in four-port USB 3.0 hub. Thanks to the presence of the DisplayPort connector, several monitors can be connected to each other in a chain.
The average price of Dell P2715Q in Russia is 45,200 rubles.
LG 27UD88
The LG 27UD88 monitor is a newer model in the rating, it was presented at CES 2016. The device is also equipped with a 27-inch IPS matrix, the screen resolution is 3840 x 2160 pixels.
The model provides coverage of 99% of the sRGB color space, the brightness declared by the manufacturer is 350 cd/sq.m, the pixel response time is 5 ms (Grey-to-Grey), the maximum screen refresh rate is 60 Hz.
A special feature of the LG 27UD88 is the presence of a USB-C connector, which will be appreciated by owners of 12-inch MacBooks. The interface can be used to connect a signal source and for power supply. However, in addition to it, there are other video inputs: two HDMI 2.0, one DisplayPort 1.2.
To connect peripherals and charge mobile devices, a USB 3.0 hub with two ports is provided.
The average price of Dell P2715Q in Russia is 43,400 rubles.
ASUS PB287Q
ASUS PB287Q is positioned by the manufacturer as a budget solution, while its diagonal is one inch larger than the previous two models. The device is equipped with a 28-inch matte screen based on a fast TN matrix with an aspect ratio of 16:9 and a resolution of 3840 x 2160 pixels.
The response time of ASUS PB287Q is 1 ms (Grey-to-Grey), which is suitable for dynamic games in high quality. The stand allows you to adjust the position of the screen in four directions, including rotating it 90 degrees, and the built-in speakers save space on your desktop without cluttering it with external acoustics.
It must be said right away that the Asus PB287Q should not be chosen by professionals. In fact, the feature set and low price are more geared to appeal to enthusiasts, and the monitor also has attractive features like VividPixel, QuickFit, and GamePlus. So, along with the fast response time and low signal latency characteristic of TN panels, this model is best suited for gamers.
If necessary, the ASUS PB287Q LCD monitor can be hung on the wall using a separately purchased VESA bracket.
The average price of ASUS PB287Q in Russia is 41,200 rubles.
An LCD TV is a flat panel TV with an LCD display. The technology is based on the use of the physical properties of the crystal. LCD models have a number of advantages over plasma TVs. First of all, it has a longer service life and a high-quality picture at different viewing angles. The difficulty in choosing is only the selection of optimal parameters.
Diagonal LCD TV
When purchasing a TV, you should decide on the required diagonal. To ensure maximum comfort, the distance from the viewing position to the TV should be 4-5 times greater than the diagonal. Thus, with a 32-inch diagonal, the distance to the sofa should be at least 3.25 meters.
When buying a TV, you should choose several models with the same diagonal and evaluate the image quality by moving 3.5-4 meters away.
Contrast
The reliability and clarity of the picture, the range of tones and halftones with all their beauty depend on the contrast of the TV, but when choosing, you should not particularly study this indicator - all modern LCD models must have a contrast ratio of at least 800:1.
Manufacturers' markings may indicate a contrast ratio of 12,000:1, but if you take a closer look at the additional labels, it will become clear that this is dynamic contrast and is achieved through additional adjustments. Therefore, the indicator is not worth attention.
Brightness
With a low brightness level, the eyes will be very strained and, accordingly, tired from prolonged viewing, and in daylight it will be almost impossible to watch TV. You should choose models with an average brightness of at least 450 cd/m2.
Some models have a built-in detector to detect illumination and then automatically adjust the brightness for maximum comfort.
Viewing angle
The minimum value for the viewing angle of horizontal or vertical planes is about 160 degrees - viewing the TV at an 80-degree angle will reduce the contrast by 10 times from viewing in the center. In modern models, the permissible angle is 176-178 degrees.
Response time
For the image to appear, the liquid crystals move to the extreme position from the initial one, and the time spent on moving is called the LCD response time. Image quality and viewing comfort directly depend on response time.
If the indicator value is high, when images change quickly, a trail may appear on the screen or images will overlap. In modern LCD TVs, the response time should not be higher than 8 m - almost ideally 2-3 ms.
Sound
The stereo system will be one of the determining factors when choosing an LCD TV. The modern model range is distinguished by the presence of a digital amplifier, which is used to ensure the maximum permissible sound purity.
Televisions must have a 2-way acoustic system consisting of tweeters and four speakers. Comfortable perception is achieved with speaker sizes from 6 cm, and tweeters from 2 cm.
Traditionally, sound quality is usually measured by the power of the speakers in an acoustic system, which is measured in Watts, but this parameter does not greatly affect the quality perception. Many manufacturers take advantage of the ignorance of buyers and indicate power consumption, and sellers can quite accurately compare the amount of power with the sound quality. You should not pay attention to this, but rather ask about the intensity of the sound, which is measured in decibels.
You should also take into account the presence of an acoustic system that creates the effect of presence and has a Surround standard.
Matrix size
Television signals used in our country are in SECAM or PAL format and correspond to a resolution of 720 by 576. When purchasing televisions with a small diagonal, this should be taken into account when choosing a model whose resolution exceeds this size.
To watch movies from video media, you should select a much higher resolution, for example, 1366 by 768, and for a digital television signal, 1920 by 1080 is more suitable.
Inputs and outputs
Most LCD TVs have a standard set of outputs and inputs - S-Video, SCART, component and composite.
The presence of HDMI and DVI is welcome. The difference between HDMI and DVI is the ability to receive both video and audio signals in digital form. An undoubted attribute of modern equipment is support for memory cards, such as SD, MS and MS pro, MMC, SM, CF, XD.
So, we have identified the main characteristics by which you need to choose LCD TVs. For apartments of a standard size, the best choice would be a TV with a 32-inch diagonal or more and with a minimum contrast ratio of 800:1, in addition, the TV should have no more than 8 ms response delay and sufficient brightness. The viewing angle must be at least 160 degrees and we pay special attention to the acoustic system. It is worth remembering that the sound parameter is measured in decibels, not watts. A TV with an LCD screen must have a minimum set of inputs and outputs, and support the main types of memory cards.
The manufacturer has a significant influence on the purchase of equipment. The most popular remain TVs from Sony and Panasonic, whose prices increase by 30% just because of their popularity.
South Korean models from Samsung, LG and Phillips, which have earned trust by producing high-quality and not too expensive products, have earned the undoubted attention of consumers.
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Monitor Samsung C27H800FCI black
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DELL U2518D, black
Mini DisplayPort input. LCD matrix type - IPS. Screen format - widescreen 16:9. Anti-glare coating. With a vertical viewing angle of 178°. Rotate 90 degrees. . HDMI interface. With a contrast ratio of 1000:1. USB ports. LED backlight. With a response time of 5ms. With a diagonal of 25 inches (64 cm). DisplayPort input. Resolution - 2560x1440. Height adjustment. With width: 568 mm. With height: 397 mm. With depth: 200 mm. With weight: 3.4 kg.
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Monitor AOC I2280SWD Black
Contrast - 1000. Resolution - 1920x1080. With LED backlight. Diagonal 22 inches. Response time 5 ms. LCD matrix type - IPS. Vertical viewing angle 178 degrees. Horizontal viewing angle 178 degrees. With VGA (D-Sub) interface. With DVI-D 24pin interface. Screen format - widescreen 16:10. Weight: 2.4 kg. Dimensions 500x373x200 mm.
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LCD monitor AOC I2280SWD 22 IPS D-SUB DVI
With a diagonal of 22 inches (56 cm). With a contrast ratio of 1000:1. With a horizontal viewing angle of 178°. Screen format - widescreen 16:10. With a vertical viewing angle of 178°. With a response time of 5ms. Resolution - 1920x1080. VGA (D-Sub) interface. LCD matrix type - IPS. LED backlight. DVI-D 24pin interface. With height: 373 mm. With width: 500 mm. With depth: 200 mm. With weight: 2.4 kg.
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Monitor ViewSonic VA2719SH 27 Black 1920x1080/-IPS/-5ms/-D-Sub, HDMI, Headph.Out, vesa VS16492 (black)
LCD matrix type - IPS. Vertical viewing angle 178 degrees. Diagonal 27 inches. With headphone output. With LED backlight. Resolution - 1920x1080. With VGA (D-Sub) interface. Horizontal viewing angle 178 degrees. Response time 5 ms. With HDMI interface. Screen format - widescreen 16:9. Contrast - 1000. With height: 444 mm. With depth: 250 mm. With width: 620 mm. With weight: 5.6 kg.
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Gaming monitor Samsung C27FG73FQI
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Monitor Samsung C27fg73fqi black сurved /lc27fg73fqixru/ (black)
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Monitor Asus VA326H
With a horizontal viewing angle of 178°. With a response time of 4ms. With a vertical viewing angle of 178°. VGA (D-Sub) interface. LCD matrix type - PVA. With a contrast ratio of 3000:1. Curved screen. Anti-glare coating. LED backlight. Headphone output. DVI-D 24pin interface. With a diagonal of 32 inches (81 cm). HDMI interface. Built-in speakers. Resolution - 1920x1080. Screen format - widescreen 16:9. With depth: 174 mm. With height: 494 mm. With width: 721 mm. With weight: 8.1 kg.
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DELL UP3017, black
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Monitor Samsung S24F356FHI Black
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LCD monitor Iiyama ProLite X2474HS-B1 24 black VGA HDMI DisplayPort
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Monitor 23.8 Dell U2417HWI IPS, 1920x1080, 8ms, 250 cd/m2, 2M:1, HDMI, USBhub, HAS, Pivot, Wireless 7HWi-2122 (black silver)
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Monitor Dell U2518d /2518-6806/ black (black)
LCD matrix type - IPS. Screen format - widescreen 16:9. Diagonal 25 inches. Response time 5 ms. Contrast - 1000. Rotated 90 degrees. Horizontal viewing angle 178 degrees. With height adjustment. With anti-glare coating. Vertical viewing angle 178 degrees. With Mini DisplayPort input. With DisplayPort input. With LED backlight. With USB ports. Resolution - 2560x1440. With HDMI interface. With width: 568 mm. With height: 397 mm. With depth: 200 mm. With weight: 3.4 kg.
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Monitor Iiyama T2435MSC-B2
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LG 32MP58HQ, Black
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V online store Player.RuModern technology is developing rapidly. New TV models appear regularly, offering increasingly higher image quality. The concept of “high-definition television” appeared and firmly took root, raising the bar of impressions to new level. The transition to all-digital television broadcasting is just around the corner, which will provide excellent detail in broadcasts and make you forget about interference. Therefore, the question of replacement quite naturally arises home screen or purchasing an additional one.
There are more than 120 manufacturers and several thousand TV models in the world. Each company strives to attract buyers with new proprietary technologies and developments, which you need to understand in order to make the right choice. The purpose of this article is to help you choose a TV.
Screen type
First of all, you need to decide for what purpose you are buying the TV: will you watch news or broadcast programs, DVD or Blu-Ray movies, will you put it in the kitchen or bedroom. After all, a screen suitable for receiving a satellite signal in the living room and a TV for watching discs with films are not at all the same thing. The living room is usually where most of the components of a home media system are concentrated: dvd player or Blu-Ray discs, surround sound acoustics, satellite receiver and more. The TV in the kitchen usually works for the background; in the bedroom it is needed to receive over-the-air cable and satellite TV programs and watch discs. Powerful sound and connection are no longer required here additional devices. If you need a TV for a child’s room, consider the possibility of connecting game consoles, a camera or a video camera to it. When this issue is resolved, you can begin to understand the characteristics of the TV.
So, first you must decide on the type of screen.
The following types of TVs are available on the market today:
Liquid crystal (LCD);
Light-emitting diode (LED);
Plasma.
They all have their advantages and disadvantages; let’s look at them in more detail.
LCD TV
LCD technology (English LCD – Liquid Crystal Display, “liquid crystal display”) is by far the most common. An LCD screen is a matrix of many dots called pixels. Each pixel is made up of three "subpixels" of red, green and blue. Liquid crystals inside the elements are able to change their position in space under the influence of an electric field, allowing or blocking light from backlight lamps installed behind the matrix. When all three subpixels are completely transparent, the cell is white, and when opaque, the cell is black. Halftones and shades are obtained by mixing primary colors in the required proportion. Thus, using a special chip, you can control the transparency of each pixel and form an image.
A design feature of LCD technology is the need for light to “overcome” a layer of liquid crystals, the transparency of which is not ideal. Therefore, to obtain sufficient picture brightness, it is necessary to install powerful lamps, which increases the price and power consumption of the device. The elements are not able to perfectly block the flow of light - the black color on an LCD TV screen is not actually completely black.
Disadvantages also include color distortion and loss of contrast, since the viewing angle of the LCD is not that wide. Because of this feature, LCD TVs could not gain popularity for a long time, but now, thanks to the efforts of the developers, distortion has become almost invisible.
The advantages of LCD TVs include a wide selection of models with different brightness (from 250 to 1500 cd/m2) and contrast (from 500:1 to 5,000,000:1). Thanks to this, the buyer can purchase a device that optimally combines the required image quality and an affordable price. In addition, LCD TVs are lightweight and thin, so they can be placed on the wall. But the greatest merit of liquid crystal technology is its mass availability. Due to large-scale production, prices for LCD TVs are now lower than for other similar devices.
LCD TVs have also gained popularity for their versatility. LED TVs provide comfortable viewing in almost any environment, so they are suitable for most rooms. In terms of contrast and color rendition, expensive LCD models can “compete” with plasmas, which allows them to take their rightful place, for example, in a Hi-End living room.
LED TV
The difference between an LED TV (English: Light Emitting Diode) and a liquid crystal TV is only in the matrix backlight technology: instead of fluorescent lamps, LEDs are used, due to which LED TVs have a number of advantages over LCD.
An LED TV can display more colors than a tube LCD TV, so the image looks more natural. The use of LEDs has made it possible to reduce the thickness of the screen and reduce energy consumption by up to 40% compared to LCD. Brightness and contrast performance have also improved significantly.
The only disadvantage of this technology is its relative high cost. However, the advantages of LED TVs suggest that they will eventually become leaders in this market.
Because LED TVs are based on LCD technology, they are just as versatile as LCDs. But due to its advantages, LED TV will be more preferable than LCD when it comes to your living room.
Plasma TV
The screen of a plasma TV is also a matrix of small elements, but this technology is implemented in sealed cells filled with gas - neon or xenon. If an electrical voltage is applied to the cell using special transparent electrodes, the gas inside it turns into a plasma state and begins to emit ultraviolet light. The rays strike a layer of phosphor applied to the cell wall, which, depending on its composition, emits red, green or blue light. The higher the applied voltage level, the more intense the cell glows. Different shades of color are obtained by mixing three primary colors. By controlling the voltage supplied to the cells, the electronic module forms an image on the plasma screen.
Thus, according to the principle of operation, the cells are similar to lamps daylight, that is, they have the property of self-luminescence, so a plasma TV has some advantages over LCD and LED.
Plasma screen TVs provide excellent image contrast and are approximately 3 times brighter than most LCD and LED screens. After all, a pixel in an inactive state does not emit anything - it is really black, and the light emitted by it in an active state has a fairly high intensity. The use of phosphor makes the colors bright and saturated. Plasma TVs, compared to LCD and LED, have a very fast response time.
Plasma technology has a number of specific design problems. The main problem minimum size cells. Creating a small cell - essentially a gas-filled glass flask with electrodes - is quite difficult. Therefore, the development path of this technology runs counter to the development of other “matrix” visualization technologies: the diagonals of plasma TV screens have only recently reached 32 inches, while plasma screens of large diagonals (over 50 inches) have existed for quite a long time.
The availability of only models with large screen diagonals on sale has made plasma TVs a common choice for buyers who want to get the most out of watching movies in bright, rich colors.
Main characteristics of the TV:
Screen diagonal;
Permission.
Advanced TV options:
Matrix response time;
Contrast;
Brightness;
Viewing angles;
Interfaces;
Additional features.
Screen diagonal
The screen diagonal can be considered the fundamental characteristic of a TV. It directly affects its dimensions, weight and price. Correctly selected screen diagonal largely determines the comfort and impressions received from viewing, and therefore deserves the closest attention when choosing.
Traditionally, the screen diagonal size is measured in inches and is designated, for example, as follows: 32”. It is easy to convert it into centimeters: 1 inch = 2.54 cm.
In order for viewing to be comfortable, the diagonal of the TV screen must correspond to the size of the room in which it is planned to be placed. The most common screens on the domestic market are sizes ranging from 26 to 42 inches. For a TV in the living room, the large screen diagonal size is very important, since the whole family or a group of guests can gather in this room at the same time, and each of those present must perceive the image clearly, without causing eye strain and fatigue. There can be many layout options, but in most cases, a TV with a screen diagonal of 32” or more will be optimal for the living room.
For the kitchen and bedroom it is better to choose a smaller TV, because the area of these rooms is usually smaller than the living room area. As studies show, optimal diagonal The TV screen should be approximately 3 times less than the distance at which it is intended to be viewed. If the TV is too large for that particular room, the image on the screen will not be perceived as a whole. Some “graininess” of the picture and stepped boundaries between objects may be noticeable. This is especially true for models with a plasma screen: when viewed at too close a distance, the image tends to “disintegrate,” that is, individual pixels become noticeable. Therefore, for the kitchen we recommend choosing a TV with a screen diagonal of 20-26 inches; for the bedroom it can be a little larger - up to 32”.
Most models with a screen diagonal of 15-21” have a D-Sub input (sometimes also called “VGA”) or a DVI port, which allows you to connect the TV to a computer as a monitor.
Permission
You definitely need to pay attention to the screen resolution. This characteristic is responsible for the quality and detail of the image.
The screen of any LCD, LED or plasma TV consists of cells called pixels, the total number of which is called screen resolution. It is expressed as two numbers, the first of which indicates the number of pixels horizontally, and the second - vertically, for example, 1920x1080. High screen resolution allows the TV to display clear images with plenty of detail and smooth lines without aliasing.
A TV with a 42” screen diagonal and a resolution of 1920x1080 will show a clearer picture than one with a resolution of 1366x768 with the same diagonal. The point is that having more pixels on the same screen area means each one is smaller.
To date, the most best quality images available to the general public provide a relatively new standard digital television- HDTV or high definition television (HDTV).
HDTV (English: “High-Definition TeleVision”) is a set of high-quality television broadcasting standards, which includes requirements for the format, resolution and method of image formation, as well as for sound quality.
High Definition Standard Formats:
720p: resolution 1280×720 pixels, progressive scan;
1080i: resolution 1920×1080 pixels, interlaced;
1080p: resolution 1920x1080 pixels, progressive scan.
Scanning, denoted by the Latin letters “i” and “p”, is a method of displaying a frame on the screen. Unlike interlacing (English “Interlacing Scan”), progressive scanning (English “Progressive Scan”) provides better image quality, that is, it completely eliminates the “comb” effect on the boundaries of objects moving horizontally, as well as the jitter of a motionless picture (for example , in pause mode). To work using progressive scan, the TV requires a more powerful and expensive processor, but support for this mode is mandatory for a modern HDTV screen.
High-definition television standards were developed by the European Information and Communication Technologies and Consumer Electronics Association (EICTA). To facilitate model identification, this organization also published requirements for the technical parameters of devices capable of processing high-definition signals. Special labeling was also approved.
Models that satisfy minimum requirements HDTVs are marked with the “HD-Ready” sign, which literally means “ready for HDTV”. That is, a TV with the “HD-Ready” sticker must be equipped with:
A screen with a resolution of at least 1280x720 pixels;
At least one input capable of receiving HD signals in 720p and 1080i formats. It could be analog component input YPbPr1, either digital DVI or HDMI;
At least one digital DVI or HDMI input supporting HDCP content protection technology.
The most common resolution for HD-Ready TVs is 1366x768 pixels. Such models are forced to interpolate the 1080i signal, reducing its resolution.
The “Full HD” label is given to TVs that are capable of displaying 1080p images and must be equipped with at least one HDMI input for receiving a high-definition signal. The screen of a modern Full HD TV always has a resolution of 1920x1080.
The HDTV screen is always widescreen, that is, it has an aspect ratio of 16:9. This format covers up to 70% of the field of view of the human eye, allowing the viewer to immerse themselves deeper into the atmosphere of the film, which enhances the viewing experience.
Russian terrestrial analogue television broadcasting has a resolution of 720x576 pixels with an aspect ratio of 4:3. Video from a standard DVD is usually played in 720x480 (16:9) resolution. A logical question arises: will the new TV be able to receive signals from “non-HDTV” sources, and how will this affect the image quality?
Yes, an HDTV can receive and display a standard definition signal. In this case, an image with an aspect ratio of 4:3 can be displayed on a widescreen screen in two ways: with black stripes along the edges of the picture, or by slightly cropping the top and bottom. Some TV models have special block processing, which clears the analog signal of noise, increases the resolution using interpolation, and applies digital smoothing algorithms, thus improving the picture to HDTV standards. However, you should not expect “miracles” from such transformations. To obtain a high-quality image, a high-definition signal is required.
Unfortunately, there is no widespread high-definition television broadcasting in Russia. This requires the modernization of a large number of television stations and the transition to fully digital television broadcasting, which is planned for 2015. Therefore, at the moment, only Blu-Ray discs, satellite or cable television, and game consoles can serve as a high-definition signal source. However, in some areas of the country, digital broadcasting is already being launched, and cable TV networks are appearing and developing.
Matrix response time
The concept of “response time” was not applied to CRT televisions, since the duration of the phosphor afterglow was quite short. But with the advent of “matrix” screens, this parameter has become of great importance.
Matrix response time is the average time during which a screen matrix element moves from one state to another. Too long a response time can result in the appearance of “trails” of residual glow behind fast-moving objects.
Typically, the time taken for a pixel to transition from white to black and then back is measured. But some manufacturers measure response time using the so-called “GtG” scheme (Grey-to-Grey). Response time is expressed in milliseconds (ms). Its typical values, for example for LCD matrices, are in the range from 2 to 10 ms.
When watching dynamic scenes in films, such as chases or fights, the short response time will prevent the picture from becoming blurry. For comfortable viewing of movies and programs, a screen with a response time of up to 8-10 ms is sufficient, but if you plan to connect the TV to a computer, you should limit your choice to models with a response time of less than 5 ms. You can ignore the response time if you buy plasma. In this case, its value is invariably small.
Contrast
Another characteristic of a TV screen that affects viewing comfort is image contrast, which is the ratio of the brightness of the lightest area to the darkest area. That is, the brighter the matrix displays white, and the deeper, more saturated black, the higher the screen contrast level. So, for example, with a contrast ratio of 1000:1, the white areas are 1000 times brighter than the black areas. High contrast allows you to distinguish more shades of colors and details of the picture.
But the inherent, “structural” (also called static) contrast of even expensive LCD matrices is still insufficient, especially when playing HD video, where the requirements for image quality are very high.
To increase the visible contrast, manufacturers have come up with a fairly effective and, at the same time, inexpensive solution. A modern TV analyzes the content of each frame and automatically adjusts the screen brightness. Thus, in low-light scenes, the backlight emits less light, making dark colors deeper, and in bright scenes, it becomes brighter, enhancing whites.
The contrast measured using this automatic backlight brightness adjustment is called dynamic contrast (DC). Its values in expensive models can reach 5,000,000:1, and acceptable image quality is provided by dynamic contrast values of about 10,000:1.
The use of LED backlighting for LCD TV matrices has significantly increased contrast, so the image on an LED TV screen looks deeper and clearer than on a conventional LCD.
Brightness
The high brightness of the screen allows you to comfortably watch TV in external, natural or artificial lighting conditions. Low brightness images are difficult to perceive and cause excessive eye strain.
The brightness of a TV screen is expressed as luminous intensity per unit area and is measured in cd/m2 (read as candelas per square meter).
Currently, the most expensive models of LCD TVs are almost equal in brightness to plasma ones, which have always won in this parameter due to the self-luminescence of screen elements. But most LCD matrices are still inferior to them, since the flow of light from lamps or LEDs has to overcome a layer of liquid crystals, the transparency of which is not absolute. Typical brightness values for LCD and LED TVs range from 300 to 600 cd/m2, while for plasmas it easily reaches 1500 cd/m2.
However, brightness is not the only important characteristic TV, as some manufacturers are trying to teach it. The fact is that as the brightness of the image increases, its contrast decreases, and the colors become dull and inconspicuous, despite the declared “large color gamut.” Therefore, high screen brightness should always be combined with sufficient contrast.
Based on practical experience, we can formulate several recommendations for choosing the optimal ratio of brightness and contrast. So, for a budget TV model with a brightness of 300 cd/m2, the contrast should be at least 1000:1. In the middle segment, we recommend choosing a screen with a brightness of 400-500 cd/m2 with a contrast of about 5000-10000:1, and for the high-end class - from 600 cd/m2 and at least 20000:1.
An excess supply of brightness will not be superfluous, especially since it can always be adjusted within a fairly wide range. And of course, not every TV can “compete” in brightness with direct sunlight, so you should avoid installing it opposite windows.
Viewing Angles
The maximum viewing angle is another TV characteristic that appeared with the advent of digital screens. It indicates the maximum angle to the plane of the TV screen from which the image is perceived without distortion.
To understand where distortions come from, you need to take a closer look at the structure of the screen matrix - this effect is due to its very structure.
The liquid crystal matrix is a multi-layer surface and is a very thin structure. The pixels are optically isolated from each other by polarizing filters, and the backlight lamps or LEDs are located at a very small, but still non-zero, distance from them. And therefore, light, passing through the cells, enters a kind of “well”, which limits the area of its dispersion.
A larger viewing angle is provided by a thinner, and therefore more expensive, matrix. Most LCD TVs have a viewing angle of 170 degrees, and flagships model series- 175-178 degrees.
Distortion manifests itself in the form of changes in colors on the screen and a drop in the apparent brightness and contrast of the image. As the viewing angle increases, the observer does not see a sharp drop in picture quality, but a gradual deterioration. The best results are achieved when viewed perpendicular to the screen, and in the range of approximately -60 to +60 degrees, distortion remains subtle. Thus, the optimal TV viewing angle is about 120 degrees.
Budget models usually have viewing angles of about 160-170 degrees. But if such a model is installed correctly, viewing from an “inappropriate” angle will be impossible, and you simply will not be able to notice the distortion, while saving a lot of money. A good option would be, for example, to install such a TV at the end (short) wall of a not too large room. To avoid discomfort associated with an incorrectly chosen viewing angle, you need to think about where to install the TV.
For plasma panels, the problem with viewing angles is not so acute, thanks to the features of this technology. The fact is that visible light is emitted by a layer of phosphor, which is much closer to the outer surface of the screen than the lamps or LED backlights of LCD and LED screens. Therefore, almost all plasma TVs provide a maximum viewing angle of about 175-178 degrees.
Interfaces
The TV interfaces allow you to connect other devices to it: DVD and Blu-Ray players and VCRs, game consoles, digital photo and video cameras, surround sound speakers, laptops and other attributes of a modern “digital home”.
The list of possible interfaces is quite wide:
Composite (AV). It was widespread in the era of CRT televisions, but the quality it offers does not meet today's requirements. Therefore, TVs are equipped with a composite input for compatibility with older devices. Usually presented in the form of three RCA connectors ("tulip"), one of which, usually yellow, is used for video transmission, and the other two are used for stereo audio transmission.
Component. An analog interface that transmits a video signal in the form of three image components. This eliminates the need to mix the signal at the source and then separate it at the receiver, which provides better picture quality compared to the composite input. However, digital connections are inferior, and TVs are equipped with component video and audio outputs for compatibility with older devices. Switching is carried out using RCA connectors (“tulip”). Does not transmit sound.
SCART. Combined multi-contact interface for analog transmission (input and output) of image and sound over a cable up to 15 meters long. It is a standard for devices intended for sale on the European market. The quality of video signal transmission is at the level of a component interface, but some TV models also allow two-way exchange of digital commands via SCART, for example, synchronizing the start of the TV and VCR. Compatible with composite and component interfaces using SCART-tulip adapters.
SCART-RGB. This designation is sometimes used to identify a SCART interface that supports video transmission in RGB mode, which provides better image quality.
S-Video. An analog connector used to output images to a TV from a computer, laptop, video recorder, digital camera and other devices. By choosing the appropriate adapter cable, for example, from S-Video to 4 “tulips” or from S-Video to SCART, you can connect a variety of image sources. Does not transmit sound.
D-Sub. A common standard analog video output used to connect computers to a TV. The signal transmitted over this interface is very sensitive to interference and electromagnetic interference, so the image quality depends on the quality of the cable used and its length, which can be up to 15 meters. TVs equipped with D-Sub can usually be used as full-fledged computer monitors. Does not transmit sound.
DVI. Transmits a higher quality image than D-Sub due to the use of a digital signal format and the absence of double digital-to-analog conversion. A DVI cable 4.5 meters long allows you to transmit images with a resolution of 1920x1200, and a cable 15 meters long allows you to transmit images with a resolution of 1280x1024 pixels. Does not transmit sound.
HDMI. a modern high-definition multimedia interface designed to transmit high-definition video signals (up to 2560x1440) and multi-channel audio over a single cable up to 5 meters long. It is compatible with DVI, but is used mainly for connecting various household audio/video equipment; you can also connect a computer equipped with this interface to a TV via HDMI.
Mini-jack. A stereo jack, used for audio output, is often present on the front of the TV. In this case, it is intended for connecting headphones.
Coaxial audio output (BNC). Digital interface for audio transmission. It features high signal quality and minimal interference. Used to transmit sound between a TV and a disc player or AV receiver, as well as to connect surround sound speakers.
Optical audio output (Toslink). Digital interface for surround sound transmission. Allows you to transmit a multi-channel signal without interference, thanks to the use of an optical cable that is not subject to electrical interference. Used to transmit sound between a TV and a disc player or AV receiver, as well as to connect surround sound speakers.
USB. A computer connector that has become widespread in television technology. Used to read music and videos from flash drives. Usually located on the front panel of the TV, which allows you to quickly connect a “flash drive” for viewing. In the absence of digital TV broadcasting, the USB port can serve as a convenient source of HD signal.
As a rule, any TV is equipped with a large set of different connectors, but only expensive models can “boast” of having all existing interfaces, and, accordingly, versatility in connection.
When choosing a TV, you need to think in advance what devices you plan to connect it to, and make sure that the TV model you choose has the appropriate interfaces. It is better to include in the set of ports those that may be useful in the future.
Recently, connecting devices via HDMI has become very popular. In addition to high throughput, this interface is highly versatile, and therefore many components of a modern home media system are equipped with it. Preference should be given to TV models with as many HDMI ports as possible.
Tuners
Despite the ability to connect many signal sources, receiving television programs remains an important task of the TV. Any TV has a built-in electronic unit responsible for receiving terrestrial, satellite or cable television signals, which is called a tuner (English “tuner”, literally “tuner”).
A TV may be equipped with more than one tuner. Thus, two tuners allow you to use the “picture-in-picture” (PIP) mode to display images from two television channels at once. This can be useful, for example, if you are waiting for a program to start while watching news or music videos. Often, the manufacturer indicates support for PIP mode in the specifications of a TV that has only one tuner. In this case, this function will only work when connecting additional signal sources other than the antenna: disc player, computer, video camera, satellite receiver or others.
There are three types of tuners:
analog. So far, the most relevant type of tuner for Russian buyers. Allows you to receive an analog television signal from a conventional antenna or cable TV network;
digital. Capable of receiving digital television broadcast signals. At the moment, it is practically not broadcast anywhere in Russia, so the presence on TV digital tuner now can only be considered as a foundation for the future;
hybrid. Combines the capabilities of digital and analog tuners. Today there are quite a lot of TVs on the market equipped with a hybrid tuner, and purchasing such a model can probably be considered the best option.
Sound
A built-in speaker system is present in almost any modern TV. Buying a TV screen for your living room usually means connecting to a home theater system, but if the target room is the kitchen or bedroom, you may want to consider the device's own audio capabilities to save space.
Inexpensive TV models can only reproduce monaural sound and use one or two speakers. More advanced ones are equipped with a built-in stereo system, in which the number of speakers can be from two to eight. Some Russian terrestrial TV channels broadcast with stereo sound in the A2/NICAM format, and in order to fully receive such broadcasts, the tuner must also support this format.
The high power of the TV's built-in speaker system is important for creating sufficient sound power in large rooms. It is rational that small diagonal TVs are equipped with acoustics with a power of 1-5 W, and large ones - 10-20 W or more. As a rule, the manufacturer selects it in such a way as to ensure comfortable sound when installing the TV in a room of a suitable size (see subsection “Screen diagonal”).
When choosing a TV for your living room, you should pay attention to the presence of a Dolby Digital processor. It will allow the TV to independently decode the signal to play a multi-channel 5.1 audio track, and if it has a built-in amplifier, output it to an external sound system. Otherwise, you will need to connect another device equipped with a Dolby Digital decoder to get surround sound.
Additional features
Many modern televisions have in their arsenal a set additional features, with the help of which manufacturers expand the functionality of products. It is quite difficult to give any specific recommendations here: your choice will most likely depend on how necessary and convenient this or that function seems to you.
Some Philips TV models are equipped with the AmbiLight function, which uses additional multi-color lamps on the body to create background lighting in the room. Its color is chosen depending on the color prevailing in the scene: for example, if there is fire, the backlight will be orange-red. This allows you to enhance the impression of watching a film and achieve a more complete immersion in its atmosphere.
Panasonic TVs of the Viera series have the VIERALink function, which allows you to easily combine several devices of this brand, for example, a disc player, satellite and AV receiver into a single coordinated system and control it with just one remote control. Sony BraviaSync technology, used in Bravia series TVs, operates in a similar way.
Below is a short list of other additional features found on many TV models from different brands:
off/on timer. Allows you to set the TV to automatically turn on or off at a specific time. For example, the screen in the kitchen will turn on while you are getting ready for work;
frequency 24 Hz (24p True Cinema). Films are initially shot at 24 frames per second. But when burning them to a regular DVD, the format requires a frame rate of 25 frames per second, which leads to a slight acceleration of the image when viewing. A TV that supports this feature is able to restore the original frame rate during playback, provided that the disc player also supports it;
program guide (EPG). Electronic program transmissions with descriptions. More convenient than its paper-newspaper version, but support for this function exists only for digital terrestrial or cable television broadcasting;
protection from children. Prevents children from turning on the TV when no adults are present. It can also implement blocking of individual TV channels;
teletext. Allows you to receive additional information on the TV screen, if such an opportunity is provided by local television broadcasting;
automatic volume control. TV channels and disc recordings may have different volume levels. This function automatically analyzes the volume of the source sound and adjusts it in accordance with the user-selected level;
Entering channel names. Allows you to easily identify channels using custom labels;
list of favorite channels. You can add channels that you would like to watch into it without wasting time switching programs one by one;
freeze frame (Time Shift). Gives you the opportunity to “stop time” by pausing while watching a television program. Naturally, its broadcast continues, but you won’t miss anything, since the TV saves internal memory video that you can watch later.
Some TV models provide the ability to select operating modes: standard, game, cinema and others. Switching to the appropriate mode allows you to automatically adjust the screen settings so that they are optimally suited for the selected image type. For example, the game mode activates a special circuit to reduce the response time of the matrix and thereby eliminate the effect of blurring fast-moving objects, which is very important for games.
We buy a TV
Guided by the recommendations given and carefully analyzing the parameters, you can easily choose the TV that is most suitable for you. We hope that with the help of our tips you will be able to create a modern, high-tech, smoothly working media system in your home that will make your stay at home more fun and enjoyable.
